Which type of particle carries a negative charge?

Electrons are the subatomic particles that carry a negative charge. Within an atom, electrons orbit the nucleus, which is composed of protons and neutrons. Protons themselves carry a positive charge, while neutrons are electrically neutral. Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net charge—so they can be either negatively charged (anions) or positively charged (cations), depending on whether they have more electrons than protons or vice versa. The specific property of the electron as a fundamental negative charge carrier makes it unique among the listed particles.