What is a solvent?

A solvent is defined as the substance that dissolves the solute in a solution. In a solution, the solvent is typically present in a larger amount compared to the solute, which is the substance being dissolved. For example, when salt dissolves in water, water acts as the solvent because it interacts with the salt molecules, separating them and facilitating their dispersion within the liquid.

This definition highlights the primary function of a solvent, which is to enable the process of dissolution. It plays a crucial role in various chemical processes and everyday applications, such as in beverages, pharmaceuticals, and industrial solutions, where the interaction between the solvent and solute is essential for achieving the desired properties of the final mixture. Understanding the role of solvents is fundamental in chemistry and related fields, as they are key components in reactions and formulations.